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In the HCs, a substantial amplification of graded potentials is possible
due to voltage-dependent properties of their nonsynaptic membranes.
HCs provide infinite gain if IV-curves for their membranes have a
part with negative resistance. We show by simulation in the framework of
the model described in [7] that in this case cone
output signal does not vary at all when changing the stimulus value.In the physiological range of cone potentials (gray bar) the HC response depends linearly on the cone input signal (3), while the bipolar responds with transients only, and its steady-state response is constant, independent on the cone potential (2).
This means that the “apparent contradiction” can be a reality in the outer retina.